Respirations increase when someone takes theophylline due to stimulation of which system?

The stimulation of the central nervous system leads to an increase in respiration when someone takes theophylline. Theophylline, a methylxanthine derivative, acts as a bronchodilator and has effects on both the respiratory and central nervous systems. It inhibits phosphodiesterase, which results in increased levels of cyclic AMP in cells, facilitating bronchodilation and enhancing the respiratory drive.

By acting on the central nervous system, theophylline increases the sensitivity of respiratory centers in the brain to carbon dioxide levels, thereby stimulating a higher respiratory rate. This mechanism is crucial in conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where improved ventilation is necessary.

Other systems such as the peripheral nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system play different roles in the overall physiological response but are not directly responsible for the meditative effects that theophylline exerts on respiration.