What is the major advantage of using inhaled corticosteroids over systemic corticosteroids?

The major advantage of using inhaled corticosteroids over systemic corticosteroids lies in their targeted action. Inhaled corticosteroids are specifically designed to deliver the medication directly to the lungs, where it can exert its anti-inflammatory effects. This localized delivery allows for a higher concentration of the medication at the site of action while minimizing exposure to the rest of the body.

As a result, the risk of systemic side effects—such as weight gain, osteoporosis, and adrenal suppression—associated with systemic corticosteroids is significantly reduced. This focus on the lungs is particularly beneficial for managing conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where inflammation is primarily localized to the airways.

Additionally, while inhaled corticosteroids may be easier to administer for some patients and can have a rapid onset of action depending on the formulation, the primary distinguishing benefit is their focused action in treating lung-specific diseases.